Beer tasting! I love buying interesting new beers and trying to figure out what I taste in them, but I suck at it so far. That would be such a cool, cool, dream job-- as long as it wasn't swill like bud light.
I think that Khede Kasra story from feministing deserves its own separate story on Jezebel. That video is fascinating and brings up a lot of great points on gender and language.
@kansasgirl: agreed. That was fascinating. Watching feminism in real time in another culture -- through grammar -- and seeing it be successful is inspiring.
It's not that "people became frustrated and confused when she didn't fit neatly into preconceived gender stereotypes." It's that she has a body that looks completely male in every respect.
It's totally understandable that officials and other runners might want to confirm her gender.
@squeakel: It's not that "people became frustrated and confused when she didn't fit neatly into preconceived gender stereotypes." It's that she has a body that looks completely male in every respect.
For three or four days, Jezebel has insisted on this ridiculous argument.
More info:
Today, some media outlets reported that Caster Semenya's testosterone levels were three times higher than those normally expected in a urine sample. Obviously, given the context of the case, a lot of people are now saying "See, it's proof".
Unfortunately, it's not that simple. It MAY turn out to be a piece of the puzzle, it MAY become significant when put in the context of all the other results, but by itself, it actually doesn't mean too much. The main problem is that "normal" is a moving target, and there is a pretty wide range of testosterone levels in any population. So we need to understand what "normal" means - is it the typical level in the female population? Is it the highest level in the athletic population? The difference is important.
Perhaps the best way to treat this report for now is to say that the raised level is possibly a flag for something else, and further testing could establish what this is. Regardless, the position, for now, remains the same - wait on the collection of tests before drawing conclusions.
What is interesting is that this measurement was apparently obtained weeks before Berlin, and prompted the IAAF to request further testing. It was also the catalyst for them requesting that Semenya not enter the 800m event, since further testing was deemed necessary. Note that this was a request that would have been made jointly by the medical officer in charge of the testing and the IAAF, not just the IAAF. ASA refused, and the rest is, well, massive controversy.
And finally, it's now emerged that the leak that saw this process made public came because a fax was sent to the wrong person. What a pity for such a sloppy mistake to have such repercussions, and the IAAF will hopefully take action there, because they've also got a great deal to answer for when it comes to the leak. Not for the process or their policy, mind you, but for this leak, which was a grave error.
Questions: When measuring against the "normal" level of testosterone for a female, are we measuring against her athlete peers? Or are we measuring against the average, non-athletic woman?
If a male athlete had above-normal testosterone levels, and they were found to be natural, would he be docked for having a chemical advantage? Would he be asked not to compete against the normies? Or would we accept that men who have MORE of the hormone commonly associated with males are still males and not some super-breed of half-man, half-supercreature?
What characteristics do men with abnormally high levels of estrogen exhibit? Above par soup-making skills - what?
So why, exactly, do we need gender division in sport? Little kids play soccer in co-ed groups-- you don't see this gender division until puberty, when apparently girls become weak and can't keep up.
@Shiera Hall: I think we have the division because we want to have top female athletes. If it were co-ed, unfortunately all the top top performers would likely be men. In something like running, possibly to the extent that women would be completely phased out of high-level competition.
@Shiera Hall: Well, yes, girls do "become weak[er]" than men during puberty. There ARE physical and hormonal differences between genders that start during puberty and affect many aspects of athletic: speed, ability to build muscle, lung size, limb size. To ignore that and pretend that we can all just play in one big ungendered basketball team and give opportunities for athletic women to succeed is a little silly.
@Shiera Hall: Your comment suggests you honestly think women could compete on an equal footing with men in sports that are based on strength and speed. I think this is a little naive. The best women atheletes would make it, but it might be 95% men. How would that be fair to an 'average' woman athlete?
As an example, see the WNBA. It's hard to make it as a basketball player in the NBA unless you're 6'2 or above, honestly 6'5 is almost required. How many women could make it if it wasn't segregated? We'd be wasting so many talented young women who love basketball.
When puberty hits for boys, it spurs growth in height and muscle mass. So yeah, that's pretty much when you need to start segregating.
@schweppes: But that doesn't mean that girls becoming weaker during puberty is necessarily biological, or at least not entirely. I'm not saying there is no natural difference, but I think most of the difference is actually the cause of social factors (teenage boys pressured to be strong, athletic, muscular, masculine vs. teenage girls pressured to be thin, dainty, meek, "pretty", for example) that are then blamed on biology to keep up the lie that women are naturally lesser than men to excuse discrimination and sexism.
@Eriu: I get where you're coming from but I don't agree. The majority (if not ALL) of athletes train the same amount and the same intensity (give or take) whether they're male or female. And the times are still lopsided. For example, the current female marathon record is 2:15.25 and the current male marathon record is 2:03.59. Now I really don't think Paula Radcliffe is off the male record by 10+ minutes because she has been conforming to gender stereotypes her whole life.
I think the societal unfairness comes in when we look at what sports are popular in our culture. These are sports in which women do have biological disadvantages because they are dependent on the things at which MEN are best. women and men are biologically, physiologically different, and yes, women can't compete with men in basketball. but i'd love to see, in an ideal world, the rise of some sports that are based on what WOMEN are physiologically better than men at: flexibility, balance, hand-eye coordination.
@browngirlinthering: One of the most popular sports in the country is NASCAR racing, where men don't really have a strong athletic advantage. During the Olympics, many more people watch gymnastics than basketball.
@schweppes: right,those are two great examples. i'd like to see more of that! car racing and gymnastics are nowhere near the level of popularity of basketball, baseball, and football (and to a lesser degree soccer, hockey, etc).
@browngirlinthering: NASCAR is the most popular sport in the country, not to nitpick, based on live spectators. It's second only to football in terms of television viewers.
@schweppes: ok good to know -- i had no idea! regardless, my point still stands. i totally agree with everything you said above, and i definitely don't think sports should be co-ed or that the physical differnece between men and women is societal, all i was saying is just pointing out that the modern sports world is largely centered around sports developed for the male body and it would be cool to see more sports developed with the female body in mind (even though i don't think it would ever happen)
This frustrates me to no end! Great athletes are generally "freaks" in one way or another. Great rowers and Lance Armstrong have lung capacity far above "normal" people. Should we ban them? Great gymnasts have more flexibility than average ones. Ted Williams had phenominal eyesight. Should he not have been allowed to play baseball?
She's got a gift, she's harnessed it, leave her alone.
When not on hormonal birth control, my testosterone levels are higher than normal for a woman. I am, however, I assure you, very much female. Relying on one hormone test to determine gender is a crock of shit. And even genetics can be wonky, as some men are actually XXY.
@Flackette Goes Retro: Even more than that, something like 1 in 100 people are intersexed, most of whom don't even know it. So apparently ten percent of the world population shouldn't be allowed to participate in sports because they don't fit into our created definitions of male and female, which actually conflict with nature.
@Eriu: I thiiiiiiink that 1 in 100 stat is "number of people whose bodies differ from standard male or female." A MUCH smaller percentage of those individuals would have those differences affect their athletic performance. An even smaller percentage would have it affect their athletic performance positively. We really ARE talking about a very small subset of the population that, yes, are difficult (maybe impossible) to place in a gender group for the purposes of athletic competition but we can't therefore throw out the entire notion of separating athletes by gender.
@Flackette Goes Retro: This is ome thing that is bothering me about the whole debacle. Why are we relying on one factor (testosterone) alone to determine sex (and consequent physical prowess) when science and experience tells us both sex and gender are much, much more complicated than that?
@schweppes: "People whose bodies differ from standard male or female" = intersexed. There are a wide variety of ways in which a person can be intersexed (chromosomally, anatomically, hormonally, etc.) I didn't say anything about throwing out the notion of separating athletes by gender, so I'm not sure where you're getting that. My mention of our created definitions of male and female had nothing to do with sports. In society as a whole, we force a dichotomous gender model, where people are born either male or female and nothing else, when actually that is not the truth.
A MUCH smaller percentage of those individuals would have those differences affect their athletic performance. Right. The problem people have is that she's good. If she was intersexed (assuming she even is) but wasn't winning, nobody would care. And if the way a person is born naturally gives them an advantage, we can just ban them from participating in athletics? That seems ridiculous to me.
@Eriu: No, but we could ban her from participating in a sport subset where the very thing that makes her exceptional is the thing that the subset is defined as. If she had 95% fast twitch muscles, we wouldn't ban her because sports aren't organized by the percentage of fast-twitch muscles. Swimming isn't organized by wing-span, so Michael Phelps gets to compete against guys with shorter arms, giving him a huge advantage. But this is a very specific example where there is an accepted division (sex) and she might be on the border of it. That's complicated, but it's not ridiculous to look into it carefully.
@schweppes: I understand, and maybe I'm overcomplicating, but I also think you're oversimplifying. There are so many different levels and kinds of intersexuality. Where would the line be? Anyone with any type of abnormality (which is 10 percent of the population, remember) has to compete in the male division? What about transexuals? The problem is that while there is an accepted division based on sex, nature does not follow our guidelines, and we currently don't account for that in our rules.
@Flackette Goes Retro & Cerridwen: I guess no one will read this because I'm posting so late, however: the article stated that further testing is being done, and that the results will be available in a few weeks. No one has suggested that this one test is determinative of Semenaya's sex. But you're both right, that would be troubling, if it were in fact the case.
Apparently this test result was supposed to be kept confidential. It's pathetic that someone would leak this.
"Previous research suggests that women are generally less risk averse than men"
This logic is often applied to explain the dearth of women in many fields (science, for one, but also investment banking, eg), and I think it's very faulty. As with many other lines of reasoning that attribute lack of women in a certain field to biological causes, it is often taken at face value, while the the actual evidence for a statement like this is far from conclusive. Some studies actually find that women are MORE willing to take risks than men. A 1999 study on risk taking in the form of a math test found that the only significant risk-taking difference between men and women appeared in children ages 10-13, and was largely gone by age 18, for example. I think it's important to emphasize that discrimination (overt or otherwise) often provides a much simpler explanation for underrepresentation of women.
@daisen-in: Don't the statements "Previous research suggests that women are generally less risk averse than men" and "Some studies actually find that women are MORE willing to take risks than men" mean the same thing?
Sir Bedevere: There are ways of telling whether she is a man.
Peasant 1: Are there? Oh well, tell us.
Sir Bedevere: Tell me. What do you do with men?
Peasant 1: Praise them.
Sir Bedevere: And who do you praise, apart from men?
Peasant 1: More men.
Peasant 2: Puppies.
Sir Bedevere: Good. Now, why do you praise puppies?
Peasant 3: ...because they're made of... awesome?
Sir Bedevere: Good. So how do you tell whether she is made of awesome?
Peasant 1: Sunshine flies out of her butt!
Sir Bedevere: Of course. So what else shines with light that way?
Peasant 1: The sun!
Peasant 2: Which sounds like son!
Sir Bedevere: ...Exactly. And who runs really fast?
Peasant 1: A man, who is someone’s son!
Sir Bedevere: Therefore…
Peasant 2: It’s a man!
09/09/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
09/08/09
08/25/09
It's totally understandable that officials and other runners might want to confirm her gender.
08/25/09
For three or four days, Jezebel has insisted on this ridiculous argument.
More info:
Today, some media outlets reported that Caster Semenya's testosterone levels were three times higher than those normally expected in a urine sample. Obviously, given the context of the case, a lot of people are now saying "See, it's proof".
Unfortunately, it's not that simple. It MAY turn out to be a piece of the puzzle, it MAY become significant when put in the context of all the other results, but by itself, it actually doesn't mean too much. The main problem is that "normal" is a moving target, and there is a pretty wide range of testosterone levels in any population. So we need to understand what "normal" means - is it the typical level in the female population? Is it the highest level in the athletic population? The difference is important.
Perhaps the best way to treat this report for now is to say that the raised level is possibly a flag for something else, and further testing could establish what this is. Regardless, the position, for now, remains the same - wait on the collection of tests before drawing conclusions.
What is interesting is that this measurement was apparently obtained weeks before Berlin, and prompted the IAAF to request further testing. It was also the catalyst for them requesting that Semenya not enter the 800m event, since further testing was deemed necessary. Note that this was a request that would have been made jointly by the medical officer in charge of the testing and the IAAF, not just the IAAF. ASA refused, and the rest is, well, massive controversy.
And finally, it's now emerged that the leak that saw this process made public came because a fax was sent to the wrong person. What a pity for such a sloppy mistake to have such repercussions, and the IAAF will hopefully take action there, because they've also got a great deal to answer for when it comes to the leak. Not for the process or their policy, mind you, but for this leak, which was a grave error.
[www.sportsscientists.com]
08/25/09
If a male athlete had above-normal testosterone levels, and they were found to be natural, would he be docked for having a chemical advantage? Would he be asked not to compete against the normies? Or would we accept that men who have MORE of the hormone commonly associated with males are still males and not some super-breed of half-man, half-supercreature?
What characteristics do men with abnormally high levels of estrogen exhibit? Above par soup-making skills - what?
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
As an example, see the WNBA. It's hard to make it as a basketball player in the NBA unless you're 6'2 or above, honestly 6'5 is almost required. How many women could make it if it wasn't segregated? We'd be wasting so many talented young women who love basketball.
When puberty hits for boys, it spurs growth in height and muscle mass. So yeah, that's pretty much when you need to start segregating.
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
She's got a gift, she's harnessed it, leave her alone.
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/25/09
A MUCH smaller percentage of those individuals would have those differences affect their athletic performance. Right. The problem people have is that she's good. If she was intersexed (assuming she even is) but wasn't winning, nobody would care. And if the way a person is born naturally gives them an advantage, we can just ban them from participating in athletics? That seems ridiculous to me.
08/25/09
08/25/09
08/26/09
Apparently this test result was supposed to be kept confidential. It's pathetic that someone would leak this.
08/27/09
08/25/09
This logic is often applied to explain the dearth of women in many fields (science, for one, but also investment banking, eg), and I think it's very faulty. As with many other lines of reasoning that attribute lack of women in a certain field to biological causes, it is often taken at face value, while the the actual evidence for a statement like this is far from conclusive. Some studies actually find that women are MORE willing to take risks than men. A 1999 study on risk taking in the form of a math test found that the only significant risk-taking difference between men and women appeared in children ages 10-13, and was largely gone by age 18, for example. I think it's important to emphasize that discrimination (overt or otherwise) often provides a much simpler explanation for underrepresentation of women.
08/25/09
08/25/09
Peasant 1: Are there? Oh well, tell us.
Sir Bedevere: Tell me. What do you do with men?
Peasant 1: Praise them.
Sir Bedevere: And who do you praise, apart from men?
Peasant 1: More men.
Peasant 2: Puppies.
Sir Bedevere: Good. Now, why do you praise puppies?
Peasant 3: ...because they're made of... awesome?
Sir Bedevere: Good. So how do you tell whether she is made of awesome?
Peasant 1: Sunshine flies out of her butt!
Sir Bedevere: Of course. So what else shines with light that way?
Peasant 1: The sun!
Peasant 2: Which sounds like son!
Sir Bedevere: ...Exactly. And who runs really fast?
Peasant 1: A man, who is someone’s son!
Sir Bedevere: Therefore…
Peasant 2: It’s a man!
08/25/09
Sir Bedevere: A newt??
Peasant 2: ...I got better.